Fast Frequency Response (FFR) from Inverter-Based Resources
Fast frequency response (FFR) explained: the event timeline, inertia vs FFR, why batteries arrest the nadir, droop settings, and a worked example.
Advanced Grid Support (AGS) Services from Inverter-Based Resources
Advanced grid support (AGS) from inverters: volt-VAR, fast frequency response, fault ride-through, oscillation damping, black start, and what codes require.
EV Charger Load Calculation for a Commercial Building
EV charger load calculation with a worked NEC 625 example: the 125% continuous-load rule, demand factors, and using EVEMS to avoid a costly service upgrade.
BESS Sizing: How to Size a Battery Energy Storage System
BESS sizing explained: power (kW) vs energy (kWh), depth of discharge, round-trip efficiency, C-rate, and a worked peak-shaving example.
Transformer Inrush Current: Why Relays Nuisance-Trip and How to Set Around It
Transformer inrush current explained: why it nuisance-trips relays, typical magnitudes, 2nd-harmonic restraint, and how to set 50/87 to ride it.
